Stickies – Jump to Our Best

Those posts that we consider to be of particular importance:

Wheat, Intolerance, and PD

I want to speculate a little more than I normally would, mainly because I haven’t finished researching this topic yet. I have been thinking about wheat, of course, and that has led to some interesting questions.

What if our food is trying to kill us? I don’t mean that our poor choices of fatty snacks are plugging our arteries. We already know that. I mean, what if our food is actively and purposefully attempting to knock us off? What if we are in a war and are under attack and don’t even know it? What if there is an intelligence out there in the garden that “hates” us enough to wish us dead? Far fetched? Perhaps. But let’s think about this a little more before we turn our backs on that seemingly innocent radish. And keep your eye on that green bean – he may not really be your friend.

For just a moment, put yourself in the position of a plant.  Your goal in life is to make more of your kind. That poses a problem in that you are essentially defenseless as well as anchored to one spot. You can’t run away. And if it comes to blows, that rabbit will claim the championship very quickly.

Your only option is to use your intelligence.  Now, before we sneer let’s keep in mind that we are trying to outwit a bunny rabbit.  And “intelligence” has several definitions, some of them quite broad.

So you stand there in the sunlight pondering your problem and it occurs to you that you really don’t need to eliminate the bunny and, in fact, he is actually useful at times. You just need to manipulate him so that he doesn’t wipe out your offspring – your seeds. You link together some stray molecules lying about the place and store it in the seed.  You are happy to offer up a leaf now and then in order to assure yourself a supply of bunnies. But that new version of your seeds is going to make a sick rabbit. If he doesn’t get the message, he may become a former rabbit.

This strategy is very effective and common in the plant world.  Seeds often are laden with poisonous proteins called “lectins”.  They can be deadly.

Much of our diet come from seeds. We have managed over time to minimize the amounts of lectins involved, but they remain. And a genome is a fickle beast that occasionally produces surprises.  Lectins are toxins. Some are neurotoxins. Some affect the enteric (GI) nervous system with chronic constipation as a possible outcome.

Constipation is, of course, common in Parkinson’s Disease. So is inflammation of the GI tract. Inflammation increases the permeability of the gut. Constipation increases the opportunities for a given molecule to find its way through the intestinal wall into areas closely watched by the immune system.

Lectins are complex proteins.  Partly digested, they yield a multitude of smaller proteins. Some of those are similar to those of our own tissues. Our immune system rightly sees them as invaders, but then mistakes our own to be so as well.  A classic autoimmune reaction produces tissue damage and inflammation. And, iin a final step, inflammation anywhere in the body can fan the flames in the brain.

Maybe our food is killing us.

The Parkinson’s Cascade

While we can move toward understanding Parkinson’s Disease by breaking it down into its components, we fool ourselves if  we think that is enough. The entirety of the various elements is illustrated by the “cascade” of these separate factors coming together to form a whole.

Cascade – Some Factors That Influence PD

Cascade – Inflammation and Immune Factors

Cascade – Emotions and Endocrine Factors

Young Onset Parkinson’s Disease

Although both share the burden of neuroinflammation, YOPD differs from SOPD in the degree to which the endocrine system is involved as well as environmental factors. For the most part, these differences result from prenatal origins resulting in a hypersensitivity to bacterial toxins, a hyperactive immune response in the brain, a poorly regulated stress system, and a hypersensitivity to one’s own stress hormones.

YOPD: Young Onset is a bit different – Part 1

YOPD: Young Onset is a bit different – Part 2

YOPD – Evidence for Early Life Origins (Part 1)

YOPD – Evidence for Early Life Origins (Part 2)

Neuroinflammation

Neuroinflammation – Summary

Neuroinflammation: the Key – Part 1

Neuroinflammation: the Key – Part 2

Neuroinflammation: The Key – Part 3

Neuroinflammation: The Key – Part 4

Neuroinflammation: The Key- Part 5

Processes and Causes

Behind the mask of Parkinson’s Disease there are several ongoing degenerative processes. Each of these processes can originate in more than one manner. Neuroinflammation, for example, can begin when the fetus is exposed to the effects of maternal infection. But it can also begin when a 30-year old adult has influenza. The same process has multiple possible causes and they can act singly or together. This partially explains the bewildering picture painted by PD. Regardless of origin, however, disrupting those degenerative processes is the first step.

PD as a Sum of Processes

Neuroinflammation

Oxidation

Mitochondrial Dysfunction

Excitotoxicity

Stress Response

Endothelial Failure

Autoimmunity/Autotoxicity

Misfolded Proteins

Analogies and Understanding PD

PD is a complex creature and difficult to understand. One way to overcome this problem is by using analogies to make it comprehensible. If a picture is worth a thousand words, then a good analogy is just as valuable.

One major feature of YOPD is the struggle to maintain homeostasis, or balance, in the mind and body.  Like Goldilocks, one bowl of soup is too hot, one is too cold, but that one that is just right is what we are looking for. Constantly.  One does not achieve balance and then take the day off. The pursuit of health, of homeostasis, in a sense IS living.

A healthy person is like a spinning top. Perhaps you remember playing with these as a child. One would wind a string about the top and, with practice, deftly flick the wrist while holding the end of the string. If all went well. the unwinding string imparted a brisk spin to the toy which then settled into a magical stability.

Like the top, we are born with a certain amount of “spin”.  If you nudge a spinning top, it resists falling over and does so in direct relationship to the amount of spin. It will wobble slightly and then right itself. However, repeated nudges or single ones of larger magnitude produce greater wobble and more energy is drained from the system. Eventually, time takes its toll and the lovely order of spin dissolves into an undignified collapse.

That is the way our own bodies behave and this system for maintaining stability grows increasingly “dysregulated”  in YOPD.

Wheat Gluten Redux

Ever notice how some people have to learn the same lesson repeatedly? Like, “Don’t stick your finger in that light socket?”

Perhaps I am being a bit hard on myself, but once again I curse the wheat plant for its delicious treachery. I found a nice MSG-free Chinese restaurant last week and have eaten there several times. I have a weakness for egg rolls and convinced myself that I had not had any wheat in months and that maybe I had developed a tolerance and just one little egg roll couldn’t hurt anyone and etc. etc.

Well, the one that day did, indeed, seem to do OK. And the two the next day didn’t cause any spectacular effects. Although in retrospect, it has been a week for struggle. And the three this past weekend….

But the three today fired a shot across my bow in the form of an unexplained three hours of OFF time. Oh, cruel reality!

Possible Therapies

This is intended to be a regularly updated listing of therapeutics holding unusual promise and demanding further research. For the most part, they address either inflammation, oxidation, mitochondrial impairment, or stress response and show signs of crossing the blood brain barrier. Another pair of categories are less accepted at present but must be included- neural growth enhancers and adaptogens. The latter is particularly foreign to much of western medicine, a substance that aids the body in righting itself through restoration of regulation of the HPA axis.

This is not intended to be medical advice and is only intended to point out promising areas for exploration. If you have had personal experience with any of these, then please add your comments as appropriate.

Ginger

Dextromethorphan

About PD

Tutorials and General Instruction – Arranged from Beginner to Advanced, more or less.

The Human Brain
From the Franklin Institute, this has to be one of the best on our subject and is particularly directed at the beginning student. It is also one of the best designed sites on the web.

BBC The Human Body and Mind
This BBC site covers body and mind as well as several additional systems.

The Brain from Top to Bottom
Based at McGill University, this Canadian site is a wonder. With plenty of colored illustrations, it discusses a dozen or more specific areas of the brain at three different levels (beginner, medium, advanced). Go through the three one by one and in a week you will be an expert.

Brain Atlas
An extremely well-linked site from the Lundbeck Institute, this one makes an excellent pair with the above.

NIH Parkinson’s Disease Planning Workshop
An NIH attempt to do what we are attempting to do – get cross-talk between the disciplines. Good general guide.

Medline Plus
Pretty much the “party line” but good quality and a lot of it. Good place to begin if you keep your mind open once you are done.

Microbiology
A great presentation on the stuff you forgot in introductory Micro by Dr. Gary Kaiser.

Cell Biology
University of Texas Medical School tutorial for beginning to intermediate.

Basic and Clinical Neuroscience
This Columbia University-based medium to advanced site offers approximately 40 lectures representing their annual symposium’s presenters. Each talk is available in printed or recorded form.

Neuroscience
A mid-level neuroscience tutorial from the Washington University School of Medicine.

NIH Videos
NIH Portal – video is just part of it.

E-Medicine
Advanced. Definitely advanced.

About Parkinson’s Disease

Parkinson’s Disease was described 200 years ago by Dr. James Parkinson of London, England. Despite two centuries of research it is still a great unknown. We have been unable to define cause, course, or cure. Although virtually unknown in history it is more common than ever today and claims even younger victims.

Thus, the question of just what is PD has no clear answer. Everyone has an opinion with evidence to back it up and I am no exception.  The following model forms the foundation of this site:

PD has no single cause and, instead, results from a preponderance of causal factors of varying importance. It is not necessary that all factors be present, simply that enough of them be encountered that their combined weights be enough to trigger a set of degenerative processes that lead to the condition we call PD.

PD is not a neurological disease. It is actually a combination of immune and endocrine problems that damage the central nervous system. The neurological symptoms are just that, symptoms. The primary driving forces come from the immune and endocrine systems.

While genetics plays a small role, epigenetics plays a larger one. Events even prior to conception have an impact in that they influence the maternal stress circuits which, in turn, impact the fetal endocrine system.

Fetal immune challenge by maternal infection plays the largest role as it further disrupts the endocrine system, primes the fetal immune system to trigger an autotoxic reaction to future infection, and results in reduced neuronal density in the substantia nigra.

About the Website

This blog is a part of a larger website awaiting development at www.parkinsonsonline.org. Suggestions are welcomed.